Failure of Activist Fiscal Policy System †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about the Failure of Activist Fiscal Policy System. Answer: Presentation: The undesirable food propensities builds government consumption on wellbeing and administrations. To address this utilization the devices of endowment and expense ought to be utilized in blend (theconversation.com 2017). Sponsorship and assessments however the two has distortionary impact yet both can adjusts purchasing propensity by changing costs paid by the buyers and that got by the merchants. To begin with, consider the impact of tax collection on undesirable food like sweet and sweet refreshments. The own value flexibility gauge for sweet and sugar snacks are - 0.270 and - 0.295 for high and low calorie sweet and sugar snacks separately. In this manner, the interest is inelastic in nature and henceforth, the interest bend is more extreme. Before the inconvenience of duty P* and Q* means the individual balance cost and amount. Burden of duty raises cost paid by the buyer to P1 and the cost got by the maker is P2. Due to inelastic interest, the customers bear a more prominent taxation rate. Fatty food and vegetables have a value flexibility of - 1.128 and low calorie dairy items have versatility of - 1.972. At the point when an endowment is given at that point cost paid the shoppers diminishes while that got by the maker increments. An appropriation on these items will builds request of these nourishments by an extent more noteworthy than the value decline. Keynes proposed government intercession is required in an economy to stand up stuns. The Keynesian view got extraordinary intrigue in the midst of Great Recession. In the midst of downturn, the economy face a discouraged interest due to a diminished utilization spending. Spending is a significant part of total interest. The thought is to give private spending a lift through an expansion in government spending. The help gave by government either straightforwardly or by implication builds spending of family unit and private use and hence brings about an increments in total interest. The financial dependence was given need as then no money related position or national bank to structure fiscal approach was at presence. In time of downturn the economy contracts. Programmed monetary stabilizers are those works without dynamic mediation by the policymakers. As the salary lessens, individuals settle less duty. Which contracting work openings, government needs to pay more exchange installment. The adjustments in charge income earned and government use get robotized change spending plan. The optional changes then again occur as change in charge rates or government use. In the midst of downturn government increment their spending and diminishes charge rates. The general government spending in OECD locale during monetary downturn has expanded from 25 percent in 1960 to 40 percent today (cis.org.au 2017). Monetary withdrawal occurred through lessening inefficient use improves financial execution. In the midst of financial constriction, a group as a result in interest in acknowledged in view of the activity in the currency showcase. The currency showcase instrument that works in power is the financing cost. On account of financial constriction, loan fee winning in the currency showcase decreases (cis.org.au 2017). This invigorate genuine venture by diminishing obtaining cost. Venture being a part of total interest or national salary brings about an increments in financial action. This likewise reinforces the outside situation of the by fortifying conversion scale and cultivates net fare and national pay. Fiscal strategy offers improvement to the economy by boosting venture and total interest. Under expansionary financial arrangement, there is a decrease in loan fee through expanding cash gracefully. The diminished loan cost builds interest in the economy in view of a decreased acquiring cost. At the point when financing cost diminishes, at that point there is a deterioration of money (cis.org.au 2017). With cash deterioration, send out gets less expensive and in this manner encourages trade. With progress in net fare national salary increments and the economy extends. The boost given from the monetary arrangement doesn't consider the way that the economy of Australia to a great extent subject to outside getting. The outside obtaining enters through the channel of banking segment where loan fee assumes a significant job. References Cis.org.au. (2017).Fiscal Fallacies : The Failure of Activist Fiscal Policy. [online] Available at: https://www.cis.org.au/distributions/strategy discussion/financial paradoxes the-disappointment of-lobbyist monetary arrangement/[Accessed 24 Oct. 2017]. The Conversation. (2017).Why the legislature should burden undesirable nourishments and sponsor nutritious ones. [online] Available at: https://theconversation.com/why-the-administration should-burden unfortunate nourishments and-sponsor nutritious-ones-72790 [Accessed 24 Oct. 2017].

Architecture of the Parthenon

Design of the Parthenon The time that one lives in is progressed mechanically and monetarily, yet nothing can outperform the manifestations that the Greeks constructed. At the point when one considers old occasions we envision boorish individuals who would never achieve such incredible things as we have done when in all actuality it is us that would never achieve what they did. There are numerous achievements that are related with Classical Greece, one of the significant ones is the Parthenon. The Parthenon had a key influence in helping society find that the Greeks were staggeringly extraordinary with exact estimations, had obscure innovation to make such structures, and that this kind of building is difficult to reproduce. The Parthenon set up for some structures to come making it a powerful compositional structure. For what reason was the Parthenon worked in the first place? Well the appropriate response isnt as mind boggling as one may might suspect. The Parthenon building filled in as a strict focus where an enormous sculpture of the goddess Athena was found. The Parthenon was the place the Greeks went to love the goddess and give on account of what they had. The Parthenon had different purposes, for example, it being a stronghold and a vacationer stop. The Parthenon turned into an image of intensity for the Greeks, alongside the feeling of intensity a feeling of patriotism expanded. The Parthenon was a lovely structure to respect. What this structure has demonstrated us is that the Greeks were path comparatively radical period. So as to make such a sanctuary, the planners must have approaches to ascertain exact numbers and have apparatus to put the sections on the structure. In addition to the fact that this typed of engineering require extraordinary accuracy, it likewise expected of an incredible entirety of cash. At the time the anticipated expense for a structure like this was around 1,000 silver abilities, which is around $57,600,000. This expense didnt just spread the Parthenon building, it additionally secured the cost for the Athena Parthenos. As per Cartwright, the Parthenon was made delightfully outwardly yet its significant piece was the monster sculpture of Athena inside it. The Athena Parthenos was a gigantic sculpture that deliberate around 11.5 meters tall and was made out of gold and other costly materials. The sculpture was worth more that the Pa rthenon itself. At the point when one glances at the Parthenon one sees straight lines and segments, however in all actuality there is practically no straight lines in the Parthenon. The straight lines that we see are only an optical hallucination made by the draftsmen that structured the Parthenon. The segments that we see on the structure appear to be straight, yet as a general rule on the off chance that one is to take a gander at the section going from the base to the top we would have the option to see that the segment begins being limited and as it arrives at the middle it becomes more extensive, when it is made a beeline for the top it limits once more. This equivalent principle applies to the entirety of the segments set. This kind of accuracy would be hard for this timespan to accomplish even with all the new innovation, envision how the Greeks probably battled to manufacture something like this without having little to none of the innovation we had. By having made such a stunning bit of engineering, including some more, it was consistent for the Greeks to fell as though they were over each other human advancement. They were glad for their way of life and of their recorded thoughts. These kinds of accomplishments were what caused them to accept that their accomplishments would make way for a long time into the future. As the Greeks assumed, their compositional thoughts set the phase for quite a long time including our occasions. The Parthenon is an astounding bit of design that is indispensable, in light of the expense as well as because of the way that regardless of whether individuals currently were to redo one, it wouldnt have a similar effect as it would have hundreds of years prior. The purpose behind this is simply the Greeks had nothing to base off of I request to make such an artful culmination, then we have their plans to make our own and access to present day innovation. Old developments may appear as though nothing contrasted with what we have become throughout the years, however as a general rule they were extraordinarily persuasive in what we have become now and what will happen to us in years to come. Works Cited Cartwright, Mark. Parthenon. Antiquated History Encyclopedia, Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited, 28 Oct. 2012, http://www.ancient.eu/parthenon/ . Athena Parthenos by Pheidias. Antiquated History Encyclopedia, Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited, 25 Jan. 2015, http://www.ancient.eu/article/785/ Fehlmann, Marc. As Greek as It Gets: British Attempts to Recreate the Parthenon. Reevaluating History, vol. 11, no. 3, Sept. 2007, pp. 353-377. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1080/13642520701353256. Hadingham, Evan. Opening Mysteries of the Parthenon. Smithsonian, Smithsonian Institution, Feb. 2008, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/opening riddles of-the-parthenon-16621015/ Hurwit, Jeffrey M. Delightful Evil: Pandora and the Athena Parthenos. American Journal of Archeology, vol. 99, no. 2, 1995, pp. 171-186., www.jstor.org/stable/506338. Nova. The Glorious Parthenon. Nova, Corporation for Public Broadcasting, 29 Feb. 2008, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/antiquated/great parthenon.html The Acropolis in Athens, Greece. Athens Greece Now, http://athensgreecenow.com/acropolis-athens-greece.php The Parthenon. Antiquated Greece, Ancient-Greece.org, http://old greece.org/design/parthenon.html Tomlinson, Richard A. Survey Article: The Acropolis and the Parthenon Perils and Progress? American Journal of Archeology, vol. 100, no. 3, 1996, pp. 601-604., www.jstor.org/stable/507030.

Effective Team Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Powerful Team - Assignment Example Over the span of venture, numerous issues and clashes surfaced as the group advanced through its four improvement arranges as depicted by Tuckman’s model (Beyerlein and Johnson 2000), which were not past desires. In any case, these were managed along as the group grew more union and comprehension of the shared objective yet at the same time the assessment is that these issues could have been kept away from and successfully oversaw as featured by (Kayes 2004). All through the errand, bunch stayed occupied with number of exercises that assumed crucial job is group advancement and are talked about all through the report. This task report is a mean to completely expand essentialness of appearance in learning and assesses how encounters are changed into authentic learning (Kolbs 1984). Besides, this report describes procedure of building a gathering of people into a group and troubles looked during this movement. It likewise includes the essentialness and basic job of various ideas and hypothesis components that impact this procedure. Issue and Context After the gathering was framed, I was a lot of incredulous gathering future regarding what structure would it take, how we will communicate and what might be the game-plan towards wanted objectives. A decent clarification for this could be that group was in its underlying phase of shaping as portrayed by Bruce Tuckman in his model of group improvement (Beyerlein and Johnson 2000) since individuals were attempting to get know one another and create connections. McManus (2000) recognized gathering from a group in that group has a solid responsibility, high level of cohesiveness and achievement to one another and towards shared objective than in a gathering since cooperation advances inventiveness, critical thinking, successful dynamic and improved correspondence (Chaney and Lyden 2000). During starting meetings, I found that there were part who were not worried profoundly with reason and objective of the group as they were regularly discovered occupied in managing individual social issues which they considered were more significance to them. Indeed, even on occasion, they were not set up for what meeting were about and had no motivation to discuss. At beginning periods, group didn't appear to be highly sorted out and intuitive as individuals were modest and hesitant in sharing encounters and information. I was of the view that these issues would prompt numerous issues throughout task finish and would make it hard for group building and union. In spite of the fact that group venture went much better yet regularly task-based clashes emerged when one member’s work relied upon different member’s information or collaboration which (Bartos and Wehr 2002) expressed as association struggle. Be that as it may, fundamental driver of relationship strife was being not able to successfully convey one’s part to another part which (Shapiro 2004) called correspondence breakdown struggl e. Serious clash was displayed by one of colleagues who consistently attempted to substantiate himself superior to other colleague and attempted to locate his own particular manner through the procedure if not settled upon (Rahim 2011). Be that as it may, by and large the undertaking was a tremendous achievement and an incredible exertion to comprehend the group advancement process in commonsense situation and

How to Write a Debate Essay - Easy Directions

How to Write a Debate Essay - Easy DirectionsHow to write a debate essay for college, the first thing many students ask. As an essay question, this is really easy: just follow the basic rules of debate and deliver your ideas in the best way possible. The following tips will help you make the best impression on your debate class.One of the most important things to remember when writing an essay is structured. The actual use of the structure is up to you, but most students find a sequence of facts or ideas and then provide a conclusion to that sequence. For instance, for a state versus national debate, they will ask you to outline a scenario in your class on how your side would feel about a certain topic, and then they will ask you to provide an argument from their side. This will be followed by a critical analysis, which will involve a written argument and examples.There are different types of debate for different levels of classes. It may be more difficult to do an essay on a higher level class than on a lower level class, so it's best to consult with the professor before writing the essay. It is also recommended that you discuss with your professor what exactly it is you plan to write about in your essay.Another way to think about how to write a debate question is to think about what type of person would participate in a debate. There are typically two types of people who would take part in a debate.First, there are the people who would be in the debate because they care about the topic and the argument, and they want to have a say in the debate because they are passionate about it. They tend to care a lot about the topic, so they are going to be extra passionate about what they are saying. These are the people who will argue passionately, and the overall result will not be pleasing to them.The second type of person is the unreasonable observer, who will view everything as a joke and he will get very angry because the debate does not make sense to him. These a re the people who are willing to argue more forcefully because they are angry. The outcome in the debate will therefore be for the benefit of the group they belong to.A final way to consider how to write a debate essay is to think about what kind of attitude you will bring to the debate. If you are a very passionate person, you will most likely choose to participate in a debate. However, if you are highly emotional, you will be looking for a way to have some control over the outcome. In that case, you should choose a certain time for the debate and begin thinking about how to write a debate question that will allow you to have a say.There are many different formats that are used for debate questions, but the basics remain the same. This makes the process of learning how to write a debate essay easy and doesn't take too much effort on your part.

What to Do Before Giving a Presentation Online

What to Do Before Giving a Presentation OnlineIf you have ever tried to give a presentation online, you know that you can make mistakes that are more obvious than others. Here are some ways that you can avoid those and still deliver a good presentation.First, think about what you want your presentation to accomplish. What is the outcome you want to achieve? It could be reaching someone who is very far away, convincing someone to change their mind about something, or even just making your boss happy. Once you know the goal you want to reach, it will help if you find a resource on how to give a presentation that accomplishes that goal.Another way to make sure that you do not forget the things that you need to learn is to create a checklist of the things that you need to learn before you go to the presentation. Get these things down on paper and then divide them into different categories, such as things to include for technical (such as the PowerPoint slides), business (such as the busi ness and personal parts of the presentation), and design (such as the appearance of the presentation). Then work backwards to what you know already and write down the required skills. Of course, this checklist will not always be 100% accurate because some of the things that you will need to know may not be listed as skills yet.For example, if you are going to give a presentation to a large group of people, you will not only want to cover the skills you will need for your presentation but also the audience. You will want to be able to convey to each person why they should trust you and listen to you. If you cannot make a presentation in front of a large group, you will need to get a group together and read through the PowerPoint slides and develop a plan to develop the next one so that it can reach out to a wider audience. When you are presenting, try to make each slide have a story that has some value to it and have several sections to it.If you are presenting on your own, or perhap s in front of a large audience, you might consider hiring a professional photographer to take pictures of you and your audience for you. With digital cameras being so cheap now, you can easily get a photo package that covers all of your audience in one shot. This is a good practice to follow, as people do tend to lose their inhibitions when they are around a camera.Another thing that you will want to do is make sure that you prepare for the presentation ahead of time. Make a list of the things that you will need to purchase, for example, audio and video equipment. Then put the list in a file folder and store it somewhere where you will remember it. In the event that you are given any questions about something, you will have them right at your fingertips. Also, write down the basics about how you would like to present your presentation before the day of the presentation so that you can bring those same details with you on the day of the presentation.You might also find that you need to research some material before you begin the presentation. There are many resources that can help you do this, such as reading an article, watching a video, or reading an e-book. These resources can be very useful because they can help you understand things that you might otherwise not be able to if you were simply speaking from your own point of view. If you choose to use a book as a resource, take it with you, either in your laptop or in your pocket.Remember that the most important thing about making a presentation online is to prepare for it. If you think that you may need more information before you start the presentation, then have it before hand. Doing these things can help you make sure that you do not forget anything important and that you can make a good presentation.

SAT Tutor How to Study on a Snow Day

Better to have to study on a snow day than not to have a snow day all. All of your wishes have come true. It is snowing a foot, and all the schools in Boston or NYC or wherever you are are closed. You want to throw some snow balls and then curl up with hot cocoa. But then one of your parents "helpfully" observes that you still have SAT tutoring homework to do. Woe! Misery! Curse the gods! How to make yourself do it? By tricking yourself into studying. Snowcabulary How would you describe snow? There are said to be many words in different languages - how many of your SAT words could you use to describe the snow? To describe the feeling you have when you find out you can get in bed? Challenge yourself to use as many words as you can from your current vocab list in a few paragraphs you write about your snow day. Or quiz yourself on all of the words that start with "s." Make it a challenge, and time yourself on how many of your vocab words you can get through in five minutes (and use a winter countdown clock to evoke winter feelings). Reading Comprehension A snow day is the perfect time to catch up on the news, whether you consume your media with hot cocoa or tea. I subscribe to a Sunday paper, and have time to catch up on long articles if I am home during the week. Online, I can go to high-quality news sources like The New York Times, The Atlantic, The New Yorker or The Washington Post. You may be someone who chooses by your present location or a publication your parents introduced to you (since I am from the DC area, I prefer the Post since I can check whether they are also getting snow or not and call my brother and brag). Practice mapping these news articles the way you would map a passage in the Verbal section of the SAT. What is the main point of each paragraph? What can you infer from the passage? Write a few SAT-like questions about an article and send them to your friend who is also studying for the SAT. Since you have time, read articles about the same issue or event from different sources, and compare their approaches. What is the intended audience? How is the intended audience of The Huffington Post different from that of the Economist? What is the purpose of the piece? Find an article with a graph or other statistics and knock out studying for two sections at once! Practice your data interpretation, and look for the langauge of descriptive statistics (and check whether the journalist is using them correctly). When you are done with news, take a break and settle into a novel. A snow day is the perfect time to spend on reading you don't have time to do normally! (And you can tell your mom it is still helping you prepare and improve your vocabulary.) Quantitative Reasoning Your snow forts outside may have involved quite a lot of geometry (perpendicular lines for best construction, calculation of surface area and volume). Now treat yourself after doing some practice math problems on Testive. Baking can involve quite a lot of math, since you probably need to double or triple that cookie recipe in order to make enough to last your whole family through the day. Double check your calculations and conversions (how many teaspoons make a Tablespoon?). Write and solve a word problem that explains the probability you will be able to select a matching pair of gloves from your family's drawer of winter clothing. Once you’ve done this, you can tell your parents you’ve earned the right to go have a snowball fight outside. Stay warm, and aim for the chest! For more helpful blogs on SAT prep, check out these other blog posts, written by ourexpert private SAT tutors from Harvard and MIT:How to Learn Vocabulary Painlessly, How to Make Sure You’re Never Surprised by a Question, and Hacking the SAT Essay. If you’re looking for more intensive support on your SAT studying, feel free to reach out to Cambridge Coaching! We offer private SAT tutoring in NYC, Boston, and anywhere around the world. ;

Who Has Spent Time With Friends - 853 Words

Friends come in all shapes, sizes, and personalities. Everyone has a variety of different friends in life. A unusual sense of humor, great advice, and honesty are all things that come to mind when you think about a friend. Friends are important to have because they are a backbone when things get tough in life and are always there to love and support. However, anyone who has spent time with friends will notice that each one has a special personality with respect to their honesty, loyalty, and care. Basically, friend types can be fallen into three groups; acquaintances, activity friends, and best friends. Friends come in all shapes, sizes, and personalities. Everyone has a variety of different friends in life. Becoming aware of some of the different types of friends will allow you to understand them, and in the end it can strengthen your relationships with each other. In smaller schools a lot of these following types of friends will overlap, and that is perfectly fine. Having friends in multiple groups can lead to better friendships all throughout your life. The first type of friend is an acquaintance. A acquaintance is someone you know, but you only have a minor level of relationship with. You probably do not have any intimacy with them aside from sharing some very shallow sorts of facts about your life. That is, you only know their name. Sometimes you might not even remember them if you go away for vacation. Usually you meet these people in school, at work, or on theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Relationships1167 Words   |  5 Pagestheir mother, pastor, friend, and boss, but those relationships are all different. There are many different elements to analyze when discussing a relationship. Many factors are involved, such as amount of time spent, amount of intimacy, types of activities participated in, and dependability of the relationship.The first type of relationship a person typically has, are ones that are formed within a religious setting, such as a church, temple, or synagogue. The amount of time spent within this relationshipRead MoreBackground Information And Data Exploration Essay1214 Words   |  5 Pagesextremely clean, as there were no missing values in the data set. Examples of the variables provided were: sex, age, address (urban v. rural), parental status (together v. apart), mother’s education, father’s education, guardianship, travel time to school, study time, number of classes failed, school support, extracurricular support, etc. Of all the provided variables, the three variables that our group chose to remove from our data set were school, reason and weekend alcohol consumption. The variableRead MoreAnalysis Of Arnold s Friend 1126 Words   |  5 PagesArnold s Friend Everything about her had two sides to it, one for home and one for anywhere that was not home(200). This quote depicts the life that Connie lives. Connie is a tall, skinny, and pretty fifteen year old girl. She loves to go out with her friends, and spend her evenings with boys at movies and diners. This Connie, that loves to have a good time, is unknown to her family. She lives a totally different life when she is at home. Connie appears to be a totally different person to herRead MoreOnline Friendships Hurt Adolescent Development884 Words   |  4 Pagesuse of Internet. They conclude that all well-being measures were negatively related to Internet focus. The article points out that time spent with online friends displaces offline relationships and time online negatively affected both emotional and social factors. However, Professors of Communication Patti M. Valkenburg and Jochen Peter affirms that online friends do no damage psychological wellbeing in the articleOnline Communication and Adolescent Well-being: Testing the Stimulation Versus theRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Social Life1559 Words   |  7 Pages This article discusses the amount of time a average student spends playing video games or socializing during the day. The data in this study about the effect of gaming on social life was obtained by examining the time usage of a 18 year old college student. A chart is provided in an attempt to study this question.The data was collected over five days, divided into three categories which are gaming, social life and work/school. Research showed that people that play video games mostly play at nightRead MoreSocial Media And Social Networking Sites1074 Words   |  5 Pagesnetworking sites (SNS) such as Facebook, Twitter, Skype, Pinterest, and MySpace are being used among adolescent and college age individuals for several hours per day. The overwhelming use of SNS within this younger generation has been studied in numerous journals. Cyber bulling has become a serious concern that directly relates to Facebook users that make up this younger generation. Although SNS are intended to be a portal that encourages positive connections and behavior, there have been studies thatRead MoreFamily Interview1656 Words   |  7 Pagesgrow up with many middle to higher income professional families, which maintained close family ties. (Q4, 5) Betty’s earliest memories of childhood were her many neighborhood friends that played outside until dark during the summer. In the winter with her friends, they played many board games. She also enjoyed alone time in her room with many hobbies. Another early memory was attending church every Sunday with her family. After church they would go to the local dairy store and purchase homemadeRead MoreMy Initial Goal For A Interview Project961 Words   |  4 Pagesdescribe their first childhood best friend, then inquiring if they could recall at what age themselves or their peers started participating in mature, adolescent activities. My interviews were conducted over the phone with two women whom I could not imagine my life without. My first interview was with my childhood best friend, now 19-years-old, whom I met at eight-years-old after I moved to Haines from Fairbanks, Alaska. To this day, we have remained best friends. Due to that, our interview requiredRead MoreA Interview Project At The 1960 S978 Words   |  4 Pagesto describe their first best friend from their childhood, then inquiring if they could recall the point at which themselves or their peers started participating in more mature, adolescent activities. My interviews were conducted over the phone with two women whom I could not imagine my life without. The first being with my childhood best friend, now 19-years-old, whom I met at eight-years-old after I moved to Haines from Fairbanks, Alaska. We have remained best friends to this day. We had to try fairlyRead MoreWhat Is Single System Research Design1555 Words   |  7 Pagesresearch design was completed using a single Caucasian male who is 27 years old who shall be referred to in this paper as (JQ). JQ expressed a desire in decreasing the amount of time that he spends engaging in the playing of video games. He feels that he has been engaging in this activity for an excessive amount of time each day but has stated that he often feels anxious when he is unable to do so. This is causing JQ quite a bit of concern. JQ has noticed that other things he used to enjoy doing have

Nacirema - Body Ritual in Anthropology - 757 Words

Anthropology Paper - Module 1 In 1956 a professor from the University of Michigan, Horace Miner, wrote an article in The American Anthropologist that has become a mainstay of learning for anthropology students. Miner published the article to show a fictional exotic society called â€Å"Body Ritual among the Nacirema† as an example of how one’s own limited perspective might affect the perception of a foreign culture (Miner, 1956, p. 503). The article uses subtle humor to make the reader more comfortable in examining cultural behaviors, physical appearance, and health as the reader soon discovers that the actual society being examined is the American society. To the reader, the article begins to sound very familiar after each paragraph is†¦show more content†¦For Miner, he was writing from his years of personal observation of American homes, but often the anthropologist is not already a member of the community to be studied and must develop a rapport within a community. This relationship must be created without being deceptive and creating a negative impression so that members of the community will act naturally and not suppress their habitual or instinctive reaction to life issues (Kawulich, 2005). This method collects data not only from personal observation but also includes interviews, natural conversations, checklists, and surveys. The effective use of this method includes having a nonjudgmental attitude, being aware of culture shock tendencies, wanting to learn more about others, and practicing good listening skills (Kawulich, 2005). When the anthropologist properly explores the organized routines and ritualistic behaviors of the group, they become becomes a part of the community and reports the information about how the group is operating from a holistic understanding of the viewed events. Anthropologists also have various theories to help support and direct a study. One such theory attributed to Alfred Radcliffe Brown of Great Britain is known as structural functionalism (Clure, 2011). The primary focus of structural functionalism theory is social structure rather than the biological relations of individuals in a culture. The social construction and levels of this theoryShow MoreRelatedAnthropology Analysis of Body Ritual Among the Nacirema Essay996 Words   |  4 Pagesin writing this article was not to show the â€Å"Nacirema† as an example of how extreme human behavior can become, but how an outside perspective can affect your perception of an alien culture. If one were to look at the â€Å"Nacirema’s† cultural behaviors regarding physical appearance and health without any insight or knowledge of the specific beliefs or values of that culture, they might seem bizarre and even incomprehensible. By showing behaviors and â€Å"rituals† performed by this unknown tribe, Miner allowedRead MoreNacirema1309 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Horace Miner writes about the Nacirema, a culture steeped in magic and superstition. Their ways of life are portrayed as uncivilized and barbaric. The Nacirema perform rituals and rites that are strange to us here in the civilized world. The description and portrayal of this tribe make it very hard for the reader to connect or even begin to understand such a strange people. Miner starts of the article creating an atmosphere of wonderment; â€Å"if all of the logically possible combinations of behaviorRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Body Ritual Among The Veldt By Horace Miner1317 Words   |  6 PagesThe term Anthropology refers to the study of mankind as a whole. In the article â€Å"Body Ritual among the Nacirema† by Horace Miner, the introduction of a new cultural perspective crosses the boundaries of today’s societal norms. Horace Miner is mainly known for his studie s in mankind, and as an anthropologist he must take into consideration, without preconceived opinions the variety of unique cultures within the human race. The Nacirema is a group living in North America whose culture, through theRead MoreEssay on Truth Exposed in Body Rituals among the Nacirema887 Words   |  4 PagesTruth Exposed in Body Rituals among the Nacirema â€Å"Body Rituals among the Nacirema† is a document written by Mr. Horace Miner. Miner was a graduate of the University of Chicago, with a degree in anthropology. Throughout his life, Miner was dedicated to his studies ranging in anthropology to sociology. He was very interested in the study of anthropology, but Miner disagreed with the way that other cultures were represented. He thought American anthropologists believed that the AmericanRead MoreBody Rituals Among the Nacirema1097 Words   |  5 PagesBody Rituals Among the Nacirema Abstract This study examines Horace Miner’s essay â€Å"Body Rituals Among the Nacirema. While using the participant observation approach, he gives us a new perspective on the daily behaviors within this group of people. Exploring ethnocentrism and how we view cultures outside of our own. Horace Miner was a professor for the University of Michigan. He sought out to teach young people the importance of cultural anthropology. (Horace Mitchell Miner - Wikipedia, theRead MoreEssay about Two Views on Culture and Anthropology484 Words   |  2 PagesTwo Views on Culture and Anthropology The take on culture and anthropology can be dissected in many different ways. Horace M. Miner takes a look at his culture through a view of which an anthropologist from another culture would look at it. While Roy Wagner takes the anthropologist view and dissects it. Both writers use find culture through anthropology, while Miner concludes with a result in Body Ritual Among the Nacirema, Wagner dissects the process of which is being used, The IdeaRead MoreCultural Relativism And Moral Relativism1620 Words   |  7 Pagesprinciples within not only the structure but also the functioning of cultures. Within his seminal article, which goes by the title, Body Ritual among the Nacirema, the author, Miner (1956) defines the aspects that are common within the â€Å"Nacirema† from what can be considered as the etic perspective, which enables the reader to slowly but surely get to know that the Nacirema are actually Americans. It should be noted that it is necessary to review the American culture from the etic perspective so as toRead MoreEtic And Emic Analysis On Suicide Terrorism1662 Words   |  7 Pagesperspective that you were born and raised in can be challenging. In the article named Body Ritual Among the Nacirema, Miner (1956) illustrates details of the â€Å"Nacirema† culture from an etic viewpoint. Miner (1956) uses a few examples to explain body rituals, which the reader finally understands to be talking to the doctor and going to the hospital and dentist. The reader eventually figures out that â€Å"Nacirema† culture is indeed the American culture. This article is very helpful in understandingRead MoreEssay about Witchcraft, Magic and Rationality2265 Words   |  10 PagesWitchcraft, Magic and Rationality Social Anthropology seeks to gauge an understanding of cultures and practices whether they are foreign or native. This is achieved through the studying of language, education, customs, marriage, kinship, hierarchy and of course belief and value systems. Rationality is a key concept in this process as it affects the anthropologist’s interpretation of the studied group’s way of life: what s/he deems as rational or plausible practice. Witchcraft and magic poseRead MoreAnthropology1092 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Anthropology 1120 Assignment 1: Critical Reading Exercise Value: 10% of final grade DUE DATE: Section A: MONDAY OCTOBER 21 in your tutorial Section B: WEDNESDAY OCTOBER 23 in your tutorial You must also upload your assignment to Turnitin via the course Moodle website by the beginning of the lecture on the due date. (more instructions will be provided in tutorials) How does it work? You must write a 3-4 page critical summary of 1 (one) of the following required reading articles from

The 5 Sectors of the Economy

A nation’s economy can be divided into various sectors to define the proportion of the population engaged in different activities. This categorization represents a continuum of distance from the natural environment. The continuum starts with primary economic activity, which concerns itself with the utilization of raw materials from the earth, such as agriculture and mining. From there, the distance from natural resources increases. Primary Sector The primary sector of the economy extracts or harvests products from the earth, such as raw materials and basic foods. Activities associated with primary economic activity include agriculture (both subsistence and commercial), mining, forestry, grazing, hunting and gathering, fishing, and quarrying. The packaging and processing of raw materials are also considered to be part of this sector. In developed and developing countries, a decreasing proportion of workers is involved in the primary sector. Only about 2 percent of the U.S. labor force is engaged in primary sector activity today, a dramatic decrease from the mid-19th century when more than two-thirds of the labor force consisted of primary-sector workers. Secondary Sector The secondary sector of the economy produces finished goods from the raw materials extracted by the primary economy. All  manufacturing, processing, and construction jobs lie within this sector. Activities associated with the secondary sector include metalworking and smelting, automobile production, textile production, the chemical and engineering industries, aerospace manufacturing, energy utilities, breweries and bottlers, construction, and shipbuilding. In the United States, a little less than 15 percent of the working population is engaged in secondary sector activity. Tertiary Sector The tertiary sector of the economy is also known as the service industry. This sector sells the goods produced by the secondary sector and provides commercial services to both the general population and to businesses in all five economic sectors. Activities associated with this sector include retail and wholesale sales, transportation and distribution, restaurants, clerical services, media, tourism, insurance, banking, health care, and law. In most developed and developing countries, a growing proportion of workers is devoted to the tertiary sector. In the United States about 80 percent of the labor force is tertiary workers. The Bureau of Labor Statistics puts non-agriculture self-employed into its own category, and that accounts for another 5 percent of workers, though the sector for these people would be determined by their job. Quaternary Sector Although many economic models divide the economy into only three sectors, others divide it into four or even five sectors. These final two sectors are closely linked with the services of the tertiary sector. In these models, the quaternary sector of the economy consists of intellectual activities often associated with technological innovation. It is sometimes called the knowledge economy.   Activities associated with this sector include government, culture, libraries, scientific research, education, and information technology. These intellectual services and activities are what drives technological advancement, which can have a huge impact on short- and long-term economic growth. Quinary Sector Some economists further subdivide the quaternary sector into the quinary sector, which includes the highest levels of decision making in a society or economy. This sector includes top executives or officials in such fields as government, science, universities, nonprofits, health care, culture, and the media. It may also include police and fire departments, which are public services as opposed to for-profit enterprises. Economists sometimes also include domestic activities (duties performed in the home by a family member or dependent) in the quinary sector. These activities, such as child care or housekeeping, are typically not measured by monetary amounts but contribute to the economy by providing services for free that would otherwise be paid for.

Copyright And Licensing Of Art - 1660 Words

Copyright and Licensing explained. No artwork exhibited in an open display is invulnerable; anytime an artwork becomes known, it is predisposed to relative alterations, falsifications, and reuse by other artists. Countless art movements are fashioned around the revision of earlier works and representations. As an artist, one must accept the unavoidable fact that one day there will probably be alterations to their artwork. Once the great Pablo Picasso argued that: â€Å"Bad artists copy. Good artists steal†. In this essay it will be explained the rules governing the copyright and licensing. The emphasis of this essay will be also focusing on what are the steps to follow to grant a license to a third party in order to make it liable to use my work of art, that in this case will be an image from one of my paintings. The existence of copyright is indispensable especially aiming on intellectual property rights in art, and whether it must be used not simply to protect the truth of the artist but moreover to encourage future creativeness in the art industry. The meaning of copyright is the sole rights to generate copies and to control literary, musical, or artistic work for a number of years; within Australia and in many other countries this is 70 years from the artist or producers death or from the day of publication if later. As an artist, I am the owner of the copyright of my artworks as far as my work is original. This means that the work must not be copied from anotherShow MoreRelatedCopyright Laws And Its Effects On Copyright1614 Words   |  7 Pagesand literature by having them copyrighted. Ideally, copyrights protect creative expressions that are personified in a concrete material or fixed form or mediums (Strong 1). Therefore, whenever someone else wants to use some work or art that is created by a different person, they need to seek permission from the owner especially if his or her work is copyrighted. The process of seeking permission to use copyrighted materials is known as licensing. Notably, failure to acquire a license when using aRead MoreThe Rights Of The Copyright And Licensing1471 Words   |  6 Pagesalterations, falsifications, and reuse by other artists. Countless art movements are fashioned around the revision of earlier works and representations. As an artist, one must accept the unavoidable fact that one day there will probably be alterations to their artwork. Once the great Pablo Picasso argued that: â€Å"Bad artists copy. Good artists steal†. In this essay it will be explained the rules governing the copyright and licensing. The emphasis of this essay will be also focusing on what are the stepsRead MoreThe Law Of Copyright And Its Historical Development1294 Words   |  6 PagesThe Law of Copyright and its historical development - Tracing back the historical development of copyright protection of the authors work, the idea of copyright protection only began to emerge with the invention of printing, which made it possible for the literary works to be duplicated by mechanical processes. Prior to that, hand copying was the sole mean of reproduction. Following Gutenberg s invention of printing press in 1436 in Germany, the necessity of protecting printers and booksellers wasRead More`` For The Love Of Culture `` By Lawrence Lessig1740 Words   |  7 PagesCopyright Laws Need an Update Since the beginning, copyrights have existed to protect people from theft of content, thus inspiring more creativity from the public. The interpretation of these laws has been twisted by large corporations to serve as a legal means to restrict content for public use and to gain from profitable licensing. It is essential that copyrighted materials are available to everyone for our culture to grow. With the copyright laws so perplexing and different depending on theRead MoreThree Major Performing Rights Organizations927 Words   |  4 PagesUs, SESAC, http://www.sesac.com/About/About.aspx [http://perma.cc/6XCC-PYSJ] (last visited Oct. 2, 2015). See Meredith Corp., 1 F. Supp. 3d at 188. Individuals and entities are still free, however, to obtain â€Å"direct licenses† straight from the copyright holder and/or â€Å"source licenses† sold directly from the song s producer. Id. at 190. See, e.g., Noel L. Hillman, Intractable Consent: A Legislative Solution to the Problem of the Aging in United how and why the two largest domestic PROs--ASCAPRead MoreIntellectual Properties And Intellectual Property894 Words   |  4 Pagesstolen; someone can misuse it without permission. Violation of intellectual property rights, also called infringements, can result in a lawsuit or a fine, depending on the type of intellectual property involved. Intellectual property is protected by copyright laws, patents and trademarks. There are steps that can be taken to protect one’s property. Intellectual property’s value is not based on physical properties, instead, intellectual property is valuable because it holds ownership and exclusive rightsRead MoreIntellectual Properties And Intellectual Property894 Words   |  4 Pagesstolen; someone can misuse it without permission. Violation of intellectual property rights, also called infringements, can result in a lawsuit or a fine, depending on the type of intellectual property involved. Intellectual property is protected by copyright laws, patents and trademarks. There are steps that can be taken to protect one’s property. Intellectual property’s value is not based on physical properties, instead, intellectual property is valuable because it holds ownership and exclusive rightsRead MoreCopyright Law844 Words   |  4 PagesCopyright and Copywrong This essay will first examine how copyright law has attempted to be strengthened in New Zealand, and whether that has succeeded in preventing piracy. Next, how New Zealand’s current copyright law stifles creativity will be examined, with comparison to the United States jurisdiction. Lastly, the benefits of reform regarding ‘fair use’ will be discussed. Due to word constraints, examples of creativity will be limited to parody within Pop Art. Recent copyright reforms in NewRead MoreAnalysis Of Minimis, Inc.1117 Words   |  5 Pagespersonal use, etc†¦). The Company primarily serves the creative industry, but also has sizable markets for non-profit and personal-use consumers where the traditional licensing fee structure for famous, copyrighted works is increasingly cost-prohibitive. The Company allows for similar sounds to be used in productions without the exorbitant licensing costs. Legally Relevant Facts The Company utilizes a database and file library of over 25 million songs and sound recordings to create their output versionsRead MoreLiabilities Of Media Production By Isaac Carter1433 Words   |  6 Pagesface: proper copyright rights for the use of a creative work for the production of a derivative work. When one creates a work, in order to legally possess the rights to it and be recognized as the creator one must get a copyright. Within the laws of the United states (title 17, U.S. Code) a copyright protects your work from other individuals that attempt to use it for their own gain weather its personal or business. These include literary, dramatic, musical, sound recordings, physical art, and various

Jesus and the Social Status of Women - 751 Words

Every culture has its differences but the discriminating and chauvinistic behavioral traits remains the same and carries on throughout generations. Prejudice and Sexism can be traced all the way back to the biblical times when women were viewed as non-existent. But according to the article, â€Å"Jesus and the Social Status of Women†, the author Caleb Rosado addresses the fact that Jesus broke the cycle of oppression against women. He informs the audience that Jesus accepts everyone with open arms no matter where they were from or their social rank in society. In the article, Rosado explains how Jesus treated the women that He encounters and His attitudes towards them. During the time of the New Testament, women were ranked at the bottom†¦show more content†¦Jesus clearly demonstrated this while He was on earth. In conclusion, Jesus defied how society portrayed women. Their perspective of women derived from prejudice and sexism. Jesus establishes a foundation of equality for women and demonstrates how to live by the â€Å"Golden Rule†. In this article, I learned how Jesus broke the cycle of oppression towards women during the biblical times. Also, it helped me realized the difference between prejudice and sexism. I believe that it would definitely be a challenge to try to go against our natural impulsive ways of initially prejudging others. Last but not least, I would recommend this article to everyone. It not only provides insights to Jesus and His interactions with women, but also teaches a good moralShow MoreRela tedKaren Christina Langs The Gnostic Gospel1407 Words   |  6 Pagesdefine women? The perspectives from the past are way different from what we think nowadays. Although there may have some religious and cultures degrade women, the social status of women is becoming higher and higher. Back to the past, the social status of women was very low. They could not even go to school or work outside. According to â€Å"Images of Women in Early Buddhism and Christian Gnosticism†, Karen Christina Lang uses many Buddhist and Gnostic scriptures to examine how people see women in theRead MoreMark Reveal Jesuss Identity in the Gospel of Mark1182 Words   |  5 PagesIn the Gospel of Mark, Mark discloses the life of Jesus and his embodiment of God’s Kingdom. Throughout his Gospel, Mark focuses on accurately revealing Jesus’ identity to his readers, and explaining why Jesus was destined to die on the Cross. Mark uses his role as an arranger by employing a diverse array of lit erary tactics to highlight the lessons of his narrative. One of the most effective of these devices is intercalation—the process of sandwiching one story between the beginning and ending ofRead MoreWhat Can We Learn from Luke About Jesus’ Attitudes to Women? Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesWhat can we learn from Luke about Jesus’ attitudes to women? In order to discuss what we can learn from Luke about Jesus’ attitudes to women we must first understand a little about Luke himself. According to Charpentier E (1981:81) Luke had been seen as the, ‘beloved physician’, which is also cited in Hayes, M A. and Gearon L (1998:145) whom further state that Luke travelled with Paul from Troas to Philippi in Greece, Paul, (Col 4:14) expressly calls him, ‘the beloved physician’. He was in factRead MoreThe Position of Women in Religious Scripture Essay1661 Words   |  7 Pagesposition that women have in religious scripture has given them a lesser spot in society. When God created a man it made sense to create his partner, the female. Because the man is created first and then the women from his rib, the female gender in religious scripture has been discriminated on. This is shown in the various books of the Old and New Testaments, teachings of Jesus Christ, and the Qur’an. First, the Old Testament illus trates women as the corrupter of men. Next, the teachings of Jesus show moreRead MoreModern American And Ancient Jewish Social Hierarchy Essay1405 Words   |  6 Pagesbecome a young adult. The disenfranchising of children occurred even back in the time of Jesus. One might question, what does God think about children. How does God’s view of children fit within society? This paper will equate the human constructs of modern American and ancient Jewish social hierarchy, specifically how children fit in, and differentiate them from God’s view of children. As part of the Jewish social structure, children were placed in low regard often filing in close to the bottom ofRead MoreFor many years after the death of Christ, Christianity had many sectarian groups until it was1000 Words   |  4 Pagesequality between men and women in their communities. They clashed with the orthodox community during the second to fourth century and their teachings were excluded from the canonical teachings known as the New Testament. The standardized scriptures influenced the doctrine known today as orthodox, or correct teachings (Bentley and Zeigler 251). The traditional orthodox beliefs that women are to be subordinate to men are a stark contrast to the early days of Christianity when women such as Mary MagdaleneRead MoreWomen Role in Christianity and Islam996 Words   |  4 PagesChristian church, starting with Jesus, women were important members of the movement. The examples of the manner of Jesus reveal his attitudes toward women and show repeatedly ho w he liberated and affirmed women. Both complementarians and egalitarians see Jesus as treating women with compassion, grace and dignity.[2] The gospels of the New Testament, especially Luke, often mention Jesus speaking to or helping women publicly and openly, contrary to the social norms of the time. Jesus had female followers whoRead MoreComparing Womens Roles in Christianity and Islam Essay1166 Words   |  5 PagesIslam. Christian believers create and sustain a relationship with God through direct two-way communication in prayer. The Book of Prayer and its Origins: The Bible is composed of both the book of Judaism and the story of Jesus’ life. Various authors wrote the 66 separate books containing the word of God. These circulated independently until the Council of Hippo compiled chosen books into the one volume Bible that is used by Christians. Read MoreChristian Faith Jesus Is The Father Of God Or The Son Of Man995 Words   |  4 PagesAssignment BIB 314 Fresno Pacific University/ North Campus Introduction According to Christian faith Jesus is the son of God or the son of man. To me He is my savior meaning he is the one that was sent to die on the cross for me and all of creation. I believe Jesus was able to feel and go through a lot of the struggles that so many of us go through every day. Jesus is my healer, he was beaten and bruised and because of it I believe that he healed me. He was a perfect example of howRead MoreWomen And The Modern Church929 Words   |  4 Pageswhether or not women should be in ministry is often a disputed one, and has become a polarizing issue for the modern church. This is not unusual as women’s role in the church has never been free of controversy. When discussing this issue, it is important to recognize that women have always played a role in ministry. However, this would not be the case had it not been for Jesus and his unusual treatment of women. Despite the opposing customs and social norms of his day, Jesus embraced women and the roles

Auditing for Organizational Research Methods-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAuditing for Organizational Research Methods. Answer: The fundamental principles which every auditor and accountant should comply are integrity, honesty, objectivity, professional competence, confidentiality and due care and the professional behavior. The two threats to compliance are intimidation threats and familiarity threats. Intimidation threats are the result of deterring the professional accountant or the auditor from acting independently, objectively and with professional behavior by the organizations management or the other stakeholders of the company. In the above-mentioned case the chief executive officer of the bolts ltd. Is asking the audit to focus more on the areas of profitability and sales in place of cash flow reporting which is a case of directly affecting the objectivity of the auditor. The CFO is trying to influence the auditor in the auditing process and as he is on the top among the officials, he can create a significant influence on the decisions of the auditor regarding their audit plans. Limiting the work of th e auditor to only profitability and sales are considered as directly limiting the scope of work of auditor (Quick, et. al., 2007). As the auditor of the bolts ltd., I should not accept any advice from the CFO and other management authorities which directly influences the audit exercise or the scope of audit exercise. On the other hand, familiarity threats are those threats which occurred because of the direct or indirect interest of the auditor with the companys management. Familiarity threats arise because of the close relationship of the auditor with the client company. In the above case, the CFO is asking for the sympathetic treatment which can favor the management of the company as a whole. He is asking the auditor to focus on some specific areas of treatments while ignoring others. Requesting the auditor to focus on some specific areas of sales and profitability, while leaving out the cash flow statement is the direct indication that the chief financial officer does not want the auditor to conduct the audit of the cash flows as it may reveal the fraud and error which is committed in that statement. One of the fundamental principles of the audit is that the auditor should collect the necessary and helpful evidence from the audit investigation and it has been breached because the chief financial officer is giving the directives as to what should be used by the auditor as the audit evidence. The American accounting association decision-making model provides the framework within which the individual and the organization can make an ethical decision while preserving the workplace professional integrity. As per the American association ethical decision-making model, there are seven stages which help in determining the decision regarding the concerned assignment. Given below are the seven stages which should be concerned with the Luke regarding his ethical dilemma. Establishment of the case facts This is the first stage in the decision-making model. The case facts are stated without any ambiguity and by considering what is supposed to be put. The facts of the above case are including the following: Both zane and luke are on the same level of employment with the similar experience and skills Zane is single, however, Luke is married which means he has more responsibilities in comparison to zane. Both zane and Luke are in consideration for the promotion to the audit supervisor position. On a particular job, zane is replaced by Luke. And Luke has realized that zane has done the recommendable job on the assigned project. Identification of the ethical issues in the case In the second the examination and inspection of the facts of the case have been done and those ethical issues which have been arising from this matter have been determined. We have identified that Luke has comparatively more responsibility than Zane as he is married and Luke is clearly aware of the zane good performance in the past work. The dilemma in front of Luke is that whether he should information the manager about this information or not. This is the major question which arises in the above matter as keeping quite can help Luke in getting a promotion to the post of the audit supervisor. identification of norms, principles, and values which are related to the case In this stage, the social expectation and the professional ethics code are translated into the norms, values, and principles and the case is categorized into the professional behavior, ethical framework or social framework. In this situation, the case lies in the ethical context of the professionalism. Integrity and objectivity are the major code of conduct which is required to be considered by the professionals. It is important that he should be honest in their field of work and should reveal the truth among the stakeholders of the company. In the above case, Luke knows the truth regarding the project situation, thus he should reveal the truth. Identification of every alternative course of action The fourth stage is the identification of every alternative course of action. There are two major alternatives which are in front of Luke which is revealing the truth about the relationship of client and zane and the effective work done by zane or just ignoring the above facts and does not mention about it to anyone. In case, luke reveal the truth then the auditing manager can take required and appropriate actions for investigating the matter which also involves determining the reason of bad relationship of zane with the client. He can even end the contract with the client if it has been revealed that client lied to the manager. At the same time if it has been revealed that zane made mistakes then auditor can decide the appropriate punishment for him. Matching the principles, norms, and values of options In this stage, the norms and values which are identified in the third stage are matched with the alternative options identified in stage four. In this stage, one can identify the options which match or do not match with the norms. Consideration of the consequences of the outcome The possible consequences of revealing the truth are that it will tighten the friendship of him and zane and audit manager will be able to find out the cause of conflict among the client and zane (Nerandzic, et. al., 2012). Zane will further be punished in case he found guilty or the manager could end the contract with the client. On the other hand, a possible consequence of staying quiet is getting a promotion. However, if manager later come to know that Luke intentionally does not provide this information then it could have negative consequences for him taking a decision Luke should inform the manager regarding the conflict between the client and zane. In the Mary guy decision-making model, the guy identifies the values of the honesty, responsible citizenship and excellence as valid for the societal setting. As per our case, this model will not change the decision (Rossouw, et. al., 2010). The major assertions in relation to the accounts payable are; completeness and existence. Completeness assertion involves that the accounts books balances contain all the transaction and information of the period. The actions which can be taken by the auditor to check completeness includes purchase cutoff test, analytical procedures, tracking of subsequent payment to the recorded payables, cash disbursement cutoff test and reconciliation of account of control with the payable ledger. There are several reasons for variation in the control ledger and the ledger account records which includes the pricing differences, settlement of discount allowed and amount requested for credits. Purchase cutoff test is the method of evaluating whether the goods whose title has passed and did not pass are properly accounted in books for and the cash disbursement cut off test inspects the last cheque written and also trace it to the accounts payable subsidiary ledger. In addition to this to the complete ness of transactions, the auditor also searches for those payables which have not been included in the vouchers. With the above-mentioned assertion, the major evaluation is whether the account payable which is recorded represents the valid liability of the financial statement position of the company. The audit can achieve this through confirmation, where the small balances are sampled alongside the large samples (Arens, et. al., 2009). At the time of placing the order with the vendors, the in-charge officer should send the confirmation about it to the companys vendor without considering the yearend balance amount into consideration. For example, in the above case, the auditor used the large supplier of the company in order to make the conclusion on the reasons behind holding the invoice. In such case, the auditor can possibly make a wrong decision which can further influence the audit report type which might be written by him. The account payable is significant for the auditor as it provides the evidence for the important items of the company. Accounts payable which is also known as trade payable arises out of the resale or acquisition of manufacturing goods. The purchases which made out of the accounts payable can further be reported as the gross method or the net method. While auditing the accounts payable, the assertions regarding the purchases and the cost of goods sold are taken into the consideration (Ghose Koliadis, 2007). The organization clients undergo the audit procedures confirms the assertions which are made in the accounts payable data. In the occurrence test, the third party customer can confirm the order of sale which is recorded correctly in the financial statement of the company and that they actually did occur. The provided invoices can further support the audit evidence which is needed while carrying out the audit procedure. Substantive test of detail to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence The purchase cycle examination is among the substantive test which can be used by the auditor in order to keep up with the existence assertion. The purchase cycle further involves authorizing and initiating the purchases and paying and recording accounts payable and ordering the services and goods. In order to initiate the effective internal control system over the purchase cycle, the management of the organization is required to set different departments for the accounting, receiving and purchasing of the transaction (Louwers, et. al., 2008). These will easier the process of recording the purchases which are received for the accountant. The major substantive test for the completeness assertion is the documents inspection which includes the determination of appropriate valuation of the accounts payable which can be carried out by the auditor during the audit procedures. The substantive test also involves the determination that the disclosure and the presentation of the purchases are done in the right manner (Lance, et. al., 2010). References Arens, A. A., Best, P., Shailer, G., Fiedler, B. (2009).Essentials of auditing, assurance services and ethics in Australia: an integrated approach. Pearson Education Australia. Ghose, A., Koliadis, G. (2007, September). Auditing business process compliance. InInternational Conference on Service-Oriented Computing(pp. 169-180). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Lance, C. E., Dawson, B., Birkelbach, D., Hoffman, B. J. (2010). Method effects, measurement error, and substantive conclusions.Organizational Research Methods,13(3), 435-455. Louwers, T. J., Ramsay, R. J., Sinason, D. H., Strawser, J. R., Thibodeau, J. C. (2008). Auditing assurance services. Nerandzic, B., Perovicy, V., Zivkov, E. (2012). Personality and moral character traits and acknowledging the principles of management ethics, auditing and accounting ethics.Economic research-Ekonomska istraÃ… ¾ivanja,25(sup1), 288-312. Quick, R., Turley, S., Willekens, M. (Eds.). (2007).Auditing, trust and governance: Developing regulation in Europe. Routledge. Rossouw, D., Prozesky, M., du Plessis, C., Prinsloo, F. (2010). Ethics for Accountants Auditors.OUP Catalogue.

Principal Revocation And Breach Of Contractâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Principal Revocation And Breach Of Contract? Answer: Introducation A contract is a promise made, whereby one part offer another party some terms, and the other party accepts the same for a consideration value. With the intention of forming any contract, there is a need to for the contract to have certain requirements, and these include offer, acceptance, consideration, intention, capacity, clarity and consent (Clarke Clarke, 2016). The first step in contract formation is an offer being made, where one of the contracting parties has to offer certain terms to the other party. There is a need to understand that an offer differs from an invitation to treat (Ayres Klass, 2012). This is because an invitation to treat results in an offer and it shows that the parties want to negotiate. An offer, however, shows that the parties want to start a contract and create legal relations (Andrews, 2015). In case of an invitation to treat, the selling party is not obligated to go actually make the sale, as was held in Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots [1953] 1 QB 401. In general, the advertisement which is placed in newspaper or in any other mode, is deemed as an invitation to treat and a leading example of this is Partridge v Crittenden [1968] 2 All ER 421. Though, where such advertisements constitutes to a unilateral offer, it is taken to be an offer and an instance of this is Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Compa ny [1893] 1 QB 256 and in such case, it is crucial to uphold the terms of the advert (Latimer, 2012). In the given case study, the advertisement which had been placed by Harper and Associates in the local newspaper for the sale of their business would be deemed as an invitation to treat. This is because unlike Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company, this advertisement does not have a unilateral offer, which can be accepted by merely performing upon it. And so, it would be deemed as an invitation to treat, based on Partridge v Crittenden and applying verdict given under Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots, Harper and Associates would not be liable to go through with the sale of business as per the advertised terms. When it comes to binding Ben with this advertisement, the agency law comes to play. Under the agency law, for the actions which had been embarked upon by the agent, the principal is legally responsible to the third party (Thampapillai et al, 2015). So, for the advertisement placed by Harper and Associates on Bens behalf, Ben would be liable. Had this advertisement been deemed as an offer, it would have been Bens offer. Though, this was not the case, so the advertisement placed by Harper and Associates would be deemed as an advertisement placed by Ben owing to the applicability of agency law. An agent has to work as per the authority which has been granted to him, and this authority is broadly classified into actual and apparent authority (Giliker, 2010). In this case, Harper and Associates had been given implied actual authority to arrange for business sale. And it was implied that Harper and Associates could do whatever was necessary for the sale of business, which included placing the advertisement. So, Harper and Associates acted within their authority and right placed the advertisement in the newspaper. For the actions of an agent, the principal is legally responsible towards the third party. And an agent owes definite responsibilitis to the principal which includes working with the authority which has been given to the agent. However, the principal is not liable to follow the directions or decisions made by the agent, even though it is preferable to do so, or else the purpose of giving authority to the agent is breached. Hence, Ben had the authority to make an offer to another party, without having to consult Harper and Associates and without having to follow the advertisement. This is also because of the fact that the requirement of not selling below $300,000 was contained in an invitation to treat and not in an offer. Hence, this is not a term of the contract which needs to be followed. So, Ben could right sell the business for a price lower than the advertised price. The next step in the formation of contract is acceptance of the offer which had been made. It is important that the offer is accepted by the party to which the offer was made (Lambiris Griffin, 2016). Also, it is important that the acceptance is given to the offer in the very same way in which it had been earlier made. It is important that the acceptance is properly communicated and the date on which the acceptance message gets to the offering party, is to be taken for the purpose of date of acceptance (Stone Devenney, 2017). In case any term is changed, which was made in the offer, when the acceptance is being sent, it results in a counter offer and a leading example of this is Hyde v. Wrench (1840) 3 Beav 334 case (Marson Ferris, 2015). A key point pertaining to acceptance is the date of acceptance on which the exception is of postal rules. As per the postal rules, the date of acceptance is the date on which the acceptance is sent by the sender, due to the acceptance being sent through post, and the postal office being deemed as the agent of the offering party (Latimer, 2012). The postal rules are applicable on emails, pursuant to section 14 of the Electronic Transaction Act, 1999 (Federal Register of Legislation 2011). In the case study given, it is clear that an offer had been made by Fiona Merchant after noticing the invitation to treat, whereby she offered to purchase the cafe for a price of $250,000. This offer was to be accepted by Friday 5pm. The acceptance on this offer was also attained as Ben called Fiona on Wednesday morning and told her that he accepted Fionas offer. Had the advertisement been deemed as an offer, the communication on phone between Ben and Fiona would have been deemed as a counter offer based on Hyde v. Wrench and an acceptance would still be attained on this offer, due to Bens Wednesday morning communication. Wednesday morning would be the date of acceptance for this case. An offer can be revoked only before an acceptance is obtained on it. If the revocation comes after acceptance, it is not valid as the contract is deemed to have been formed till that time. And when such happens, the parties can opt for mutual termination of contract (Gibson Fraser, 2014). Where this is not done, and the party attempting to revoke the contract does not fulfil the promise made under the contract, the contract is said to have been violated. And in such case, the party which performed the contract properly can apply for remedies, which can take form of monetary compensation, or equitable remedies of specific performance, injunction or rescission of contract (Mulcahy, 2008). In the given case study, Ben made an attempt to revoke the contract by sending an email to not consider the Wednesday morning email. However, as per the postal rules of acceptance and the Electronic Transaction Act, the acceptance was already given by that time. So, the contract could not be revoked. And by not selling the cafe to Fiona at promised prize, Ben would breach the contract and whereby Fiona can apply for specific performance or injunction to stop Ben from selling the cafe to anyone else. Conclusion Hence, it becomes very clear that a contract was indeed formed between Ben and Fiona. And by not selling her the cafe, Ben would breach the contract for which Fiona can apply remedies. References Andrews, N. (2015). Contract Law (2nd ed.). UK: Cambridge University Press Ayres, I., Klass, G. (2012). Studies in Contract Law (8th ed.). New York: Foundation Press Clarke, P., Clarke, J (2016). Contract Law: Commentaries, Cases and Perspectives (3rd ed.). South Melbourne: Oxford University Press. Federal Register of Legislation. (2011). Electronic Transactions Act 1999. Retrieved from: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2011C00445 Gibson, A., Fraser, D. (2014). Business Law 2014 (8th ed.). Melbourne: Pearson Education Australia. Giliker, P. (2010). Vicarious Liability in Tort: A Comparative Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Lambiris, M., Griffin, L. (2016). First Principles of Business Law 2016. Sydney: CCH. Latimer, P. (2012). Australian Business Law 2012 (31st ed.). Sydney, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Marson, J., Ferris, K. (2015). Business Law (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Mulcahy, L. (2008). Contract Law in Perspective (5th ed.). Oxon: Routledge. Stone, R., Devenney, J. (2017). The Modern Law of Contract (12th ed.). Oxon: Routledge. Thampapillai, D., Tan, V., Bozzi, C., Matthew, A. (2015). Australian Commercial Law. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.

Writing an MLA Personal Essay Sample

Writing an MLA Personal Essay SampleWriting an MLA personal essay sample can be very difficult for students. There are many important factors to consider and they must be organized properly.Many students never write a personal essay, but the personal essay is a very important component of their high school or college career. Their research or paper will be reviewed by counselors, counselors will compare them to the other students, and they are compared to a lot of other students for that same reason. The research papers are evaluated using criteria other than the general student transcript GPA.An MLA personal essay sample is required if you are writing for a test, it is required if you are writing a research paper, it is required if you are writing a review paper, it is required for job interviews, and it is required for colleges, universities, and other graduate and professional schools. If you are writing a research paper, it is also required for research assistantships. Most colle ges require you to write an MLA personal essay sample.The first thing to do when writing an MLA personal essay sample is to come up with a good title. A good title is not necessarily related to the topic of the paper or the personal essay, but the title of the personal essay sample is much more interesting and it tends to stick in the reader's mind.Something I often do is create a title out of two words; one word per paragraph. That means I use two words a paragraph, a sentence, or a paragraph. That can get a little tough at times, but the rewards far outweigh the time and effort involved.The second thing you should do is organize your paper and your personal essay sample. You will have a lot of things to think about, and you will be overwhelmed with so many different thoughts. So it makes sense to think ahead and organize your thoughts in order to get them out of your head.Use different types of organizing strategies, like use them when you are going to use them again and organize them by category. When I am writing an MLA personal essay sample, I organize them by research area, then by topic, then by document type, then by types of references. I group my paper as I go, so that I don't have to look at each individual paper every time I want to look at it.When you are organizing your paper, don't worry if it's messy. Your body of work is messy, but it's organized, and it will be better organized when you finish it. I just did that today and it took me about an hour to read through, organize, and edit my paper.

Barriers to Entry and Various Risks That Must Be Considered by Foreign Retail Companies Seeking to Conduct Business in China Essays

Barriers to Entry and Various Risks That Must Be Considered by Foreign Retail Companies Seeking to Conduct Business in China Essays Barriers to Entry and Various Risks That Must Be Considered by Foreign Retail Companies Seeking to Conduct Business in China Essay Barriers to Entry and Various Risks That Must Be Considered by Foreign Retail Companies Seeking to Conduct Business in China Essay Barriers to entry and various risks that must be considered by foreign retail companies seeking to conduct business in China By Aizhan Yermekbayeva Let China sleep, for when she awakes, she will shake the world (Napoleon Bonaparte) Most politicians, businessmen and academics would agree with the quote above. It is becoming more and more evident that â€Å"China is now slowly waking up†. And a market of over 1. 5 bn potential consumers is perceived by most multinational enterprises (MNCs) as an opportunity hard to miss. Businessmen and even renowned academics make various recommendations on approaching Chinese market. This article will provide a critical analysis on how to develop businesses in China successfully and sustain stable profitability. The main focus will be drawn on entering and operating business in the retail industry as the industry is attracting the growing number of foreign investors despite the fact of having unresolved issues with the supply chain management, â€Å"bureaucratic red tape† and most importantly fierce competition. China could be divided into two main parts when it involves setting up a business: Hong Kong and mainland China. Hong Kong, which was a British colony until it was reunited with mainland China in 1997, is considered to be one of the most liberal markets with low level of governmental interference. However this article’s primary focus is on the mainland China, given its current political and economic importance. Merely thirty years after the reforms initiated by Deng Xiaoping in the late 1970s, China has become the world’s fastest growing economy. Some predicted that by 2015 China will surpass Japan and will become the world’s second largest economy (Hall, 2009). But it happened five years earlier. It has been expected that by 2010 its retail industry will be worthy of $596 bn. China’s vast natural resources and cheap labour are substantially appealing to foreign investors. â€Å"No future is brighter than China†, states Coca-Cola’s chairman and CEO Muhtar Kent (Einhorn, 2009). As thought provoking as it may be Lehman Brothers in China still went bankrupt in 2009 and Marks Spencer, despite having more than sufficient financial resources, failed to succeed. According to a statement made by the executive chairman of MS Sir Stuart Rose, â€Å"basic shop keeping mistakes† (wrong clothing sizes) and issues in the supply chain were the main reasons why their market entry strategy did not succeed in China. However, there are still barriers to entry and various risks that must be considered by companies seeking to conduct business in China. The government in mainland China regulates the market, sets the controlling legislation and rules for foreign direct investments (FDIs) and competition . After China’s admittance to the WTO most of the regulatory barriers to Chinese market have been eliminated. China’s current economic environment offers a great opportunity for businesses. Although China has been undergoing fast economic reforms these are not necessarily followed in tandem by political reforms. As such, most MNCs mistake is that they approach China in the same manner and with the same strategy as they would any other country. Conversely those businesses that have succeeded in China have used a strategy of â€Å"understanding local ways†. It is vital not to underestimate the power of guanxi. Therefore foreign managers are strongly advised to understand this cultural phenomenon before attempting to start a business in China. Guanxi is â€Å"a complicated system of favour banking† which is practiced within a certain group. The importance of guanxi is often emphasised by a Chinese saying that without guanxi a person gets â€Å"half the result with twice the effort†. However, the main risk of guanxi is that it requires a high level of trust between parties involved in favour exchange – where someone’s word is his bond as opposed to an actual agreement. Strong guanxi networks would make the challenges of conquering Chinese retail market, such as setting up an efficient supply system less complicated. However there are additional threats and limitations that might affect foreign businesses, particularly retailers. Especially, taking into consideration a significant role that local government plays in the Chinese market. The growing concern for retailers is that the Chinese government is discussing adopting protectionist regulations in the retail industry. New regulations are showing signs already as the local government has selected a group of local retailers and is giving them financial support. It is the first stage of formation of the â€Å"national champions† local retail companies which are expected to become the leaders of the retail industry. There are many reason why the Chinese government is compelled to undertake these actions such as the retail industry is expanding at a fast rate and from the local population’s perspective the key industry players that benefit from it the most are foreign companies. This viewpoint pressurises the government to protect the local retail chains, which are not able to compete against international retail giants because of the insufficient financial resources. Therefore these regulations are expected to favour domestic retailers in allocation of strategic locations and have been highly welcomed by national retailers. Under these circumstances it is of utmost importance for foreign retailers to re-assess their future strategies. As it was mentioned before the Chinese retail industry is highly competitive which emphasises the importance of the visibility of hypermarkets. Another challenge of maintaining competitiveness lies in increasing prices of land and rented premises as foreign retailers are focused on operating hypermarkets in strategic and urban areas that raise operating costs. Moreover foreign retailers are already being pressurised into price wars as local retailers, mostly family-owned stores, offer very low prices which appeals to Chinese price-conscious customers. Furthermore with variety of retailers offering similar goods and services the local customers’ demands have shifted. The times when foreign companies could sell their ut-of-date products are long gone. Currently foreign retail companies are expected to provide high quality products and it makes it even more challenging to offer competitive prices at the same time. Initially foreign retail chains could differentiate themselves from locals with new technologies, innovative practices in marketing and by offering consumer friendly return policies. As â€Å"understanding the needs and motivations of Chinese consumers is the name of the game†. However they have soon lost this advantage as domestic competitors were fast to copy and employ them. Additionally local retail chains’ scope is smaller which makes it easier for them to set up an effective supply chain. While for retailers like Tesco, Carrefour and Wal-Mart it is difficult to keep supply chain centralised. Fragmented nature of Chinese retail market and geographically vast area impose more challenges. Moreover the local governments of different areas have customs duties which also increase the prices of suppliers. For example each of Tesco’s stores has to work with 1000 suppliers. Furthermore it is difficult for global retailers to overcome â€Å"the liability of foreignness†. It makes them vulnerable to changes in global political arena and politics between countries. In 2008 Carrefour suffered significant financial losses because Chinese customers decided to boycott all French retailers in protest to the pro-Tibet political standing of the President of France, shortly after riots in Tibet. Therefore political risks have to be taken into consideration. It is evident from the above mentioned that Western businesses coming to China should not make false assumptions based on the rapid development of infrastructure that the Chinese market and especially the retail industry function the same way. Therefore the significance of doing proper â€Å"homework† before approaching foreign markets, especially China, cannot be overemphasised. The differences outlined above should be considered to avoid future disappointments and subsequent failures in entry strategy. Companies that rushed into conquering the Chinese market without sufficient information failed to succeed encountering the Chinese bureaucracy and unreliable business partners. There are several conditions in order to create successful joint ventures in China: Finding a reliable partner, which is best achieved through connections attained with guanxi. Chinese business partners bring local knowledge and the experience in conducting business in the Chinese market which may be useful for cost cutting. Nevertheless when choosing a partner or business allies, financial strength and mutual interests should be taken into account. Foreign companies should seek for a financially reliable partner. Strategic location. Interaction with local governments is crucial for obtaining a desirable location Monitoring changes in accounting, taxation and other legislative modifications Human resources management (HRM). Low labour costs are one of the major incentives for foreign companies to come to China. The general manager of JV companies noted that there are three key elements to succeeding in China: â€Å"people, people, and people† (Epser 1991:24-30). Although success depends on the quality of personnel management. Relations with trade unions (TUs) may come as challenge as the way they function in China is different from Western countries. Interestingly it is noted that TUs are usually focused more on protecting the interests of the Party than that of employees. Other precautions include: avoidance of recruiting from only one source as in some cases new recruits may have similar negative qualities; While high quality employees may require patience and flexible attitude to find; Avoid employing a large workforce as local authorities might pressurise to hire more; Experienced native management personnel is essential for managing bureaucratic procedures; New employees should be trained, their skills and work ethics developed to coincide with main interests of the company Supply chain management is without a doubt of significant importance in decreasing costs and developing business. However this is one of the areas that have not been researched thoroughly. Summarising all criteria above, locating a Chinese partner with high level of reliability and with a nationally successful business is of utmost importance when establishing a joint venture. Guanxi is as well important in finding a strategic location and employing a suitable workforce. Nevertheless there is a scarcity in detailed information on supply chain management which is arguably one the most significant areas in cost cutting strategy. El Kahal identifies the main challenges of developing businesses in Asia Pacific, and as the author says â€Å"anyone who looks to Asia has to look at China†. Therefore challenges found the most relevant to conducting business in China and suggested (potential) solutions are presented in Table – 3. Table – 3. Challenges |Implications |Solutions | |Obtaining information on market competition |It is difficult for foreign managers |â€Å"hands-on experience†, the manager has to | |and the external factors affecting business |to assess the market, potential |have an extensive knowledge of the | |operations |rivals and find suitable partners |operating environment to reduce reliance on| | | |detailed data analysis. Establishing sound | | | |personal ties and networking is used by | | | |most local senior managers as an | | | |alternative to documented data and is | | | |essential for verification of information | | | |reliability received from various external | | | |sources. |â€Å"Bureaucratic red tape† |Might affect the pace of projects and|Weigh diligently possibilities of | | |business operations |regulatory and legislative obstacles and | | | |utilise the knowledge of the local managers| | | |through building a personal network | |Political aspects and internal issues of the|May lead to termination of business |It is highly encouraged to do thorough | |country like bribery |and even more severe consequences; |research before starting a business. | |make a significant damage to | | | |company’s reputation | | Overall China offers opportunities to prosper however challenges and obstacles should be taken into careful consideration. Foreign businesses should do their ‘home work’ to meet or avoid them. This article attempted to provide various advice and recommendations on the subject, however every company adopts a different approach based on the internal and external environments. Despite foreign retailers’ high expectation about future prospects of the Chinese retail industry, the economic crisis has affected China as well. Bain Co predict that in the next four years there will be a decreasing trend in the number of hypermarkets in China. According to Financial Times there is an over-saturation of hypermarkets in some urban areas such as Shanghai were there are already approximately 120-130 hypermarkets. This tendency causes an increase in rental costs, fierce competition forces rivals to cut prices and these factors combined with the country’s present infrastructure issues creates an uncertain future for foreign retailers. However, some global retail giants like Wal-Mart, Carrefour and Tesco see the economic downturn as an opportunity to get ahead of competition. Interestingly the Chinese character for ‘risk’ has two symbols: â€Å"danger† and â€Å"opportunity†. Investing abroad is a risk, but it is also an opportunity and with the right and timely information organisations can form a unique strategy of succeeding in China. References Chen, C. C. and Chen X. P. (2009) Negative externalities of close guanxo within organizations. Asia Pacific Journal of Management. 26. pp. 37-53 Chen, M, (2004) Asian Management Systems. 2nd ed. London: Thomson Learning. p5. , 241, 242 Chow, I. , Holbert, N. , Kelley, L. , Yu, J. (2004) Business Strategy: An Asia-Pacific Focus. 2nd ed. Singapore: Pearson Education South-Asia. El Kahal, S. 2001) Business in Asia Pacific. New York: Oxford University Press Inc. p. 63, 70, 562 Epser, P. (1991) cited in Chen, M, (2004) Asian Management Systems. 2nd ed. London: Thomson Learning. p. 241 Fels, A. (2009) The regulation of retailing – lessons for developing countries. Asia Pacific Busine ss Review. 15(1). Pp. 13-27. Gamble, J. (2009) Demanding customers in the Chinese context. Asia Pacific Business Review. 15(1). pp 93-105 Peng, M. (2009) Global Strategic Management. 2nd ed. Canada: South Western Cengage Learning. p. 16; 156 Wang, S. (2009) Foreign Retailers in post-WTO China: stories of success and setbacks. Asia Pacific Business Review. 5(1). pp59-77 Wal-Mart, Tesco, Carrefour do battle in the East. (2008) Strategic Direction. 24(2). pp5-7. Hall, J (2009) Every little helps for Tesco in ChinaSupermarket makes steady inroads. Daily Telegraph. [online] Available from: http://find. galegroup. com/gtx/infomark. do? contentSet=IAC- Kent, M (2009) cited in Einhorn, B (2009) Coke Committed to China Expansion. Business Week. [online] Available from: businessweek. com/globaliz/content/jun2009/gb20090623_410186. htm Rigby, E (2008) Tesco in new drive on China. Financial Times. [online] Available from: ft. com. /cns/s/0/a89db8f6-89b2-11db-ae27-0000779e2340. html